Thursday, October 31, 2019

Rhetorical analysis of websites that are important to your future Essay

Rhetorical analysis of websites that are important to your future profession - Essay Example st present the different websites chosen for this paper, followed by a specific discussion on the language, design, and logos as well as general presentation of these websites. An analysis of these sites will then be indicated. Finally, conclusions shall be drawn based on the language and the identity of my profession. There are several websites that shall be subject of this rhetorical analysis, including the IEEE (Institute of Electronics and Electrical Engineers, ACEEE (Association of Computers Electronics and Electrical Engineers), and the ACET (Association of Computer Engineers and Technicians). First of all, the IEEE or known as the â€Å"Eye-Triple E† by the members of the organization has a visually appealing website in terms of color alone, which is a shade of sky blue. From the very start, the view of the website is enticing, and not assaulting to the eyes and one is then eager to explore the website further. The design for the other websites also has their own appeal and these points shall be discussed individually based on various elements for evaluation. Enticing members to join any organization have now become an important consideration for many organizations especially with the proliferation of the internet. The improvements in the internet design and use have also prompted many organizations to redesign and repurpose their websites in order to support their needs. Using different websites for electrical engineering, this study shall consider the relations between verbal and visual data on the strategies used by organizations and design staff to present essential information and data on the web. Immediately when navigating through the IEEE website, the viewer is able to see different visual data. For one, the text in the site comes in various typefaces, groupings, sizes, and pictures and other images are placed in various significant points, depending on the information being presented. The web page in other words is a combination of visual

Tuesday, October 29, 2019

Week 4 discussion TQM Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Week 4 discussion TQM - Personal Statement Example Indeed, teams avail the capacity for a speedy response to changes within customer demands, which may not be satisfied by employees working in limited specialty. A virtual team represents a group of individuals working across time, organizational boundaries, and space with connections reinforced by webs of communication technology. There are three core aspects related to a virtual team, namely: people, purpose, and links. Virtual teams lack hierarchy or any related structures given that they may not be from the same organization. Virtual teams differ from the face-to-face team based on the fact that they may be geographically dispersed while face-to-face teams are localized. This arises from the fact that, in order to attain the same level of effectiveness, as is the case of face-to-face teams, virtual teams’ leadership demands a lot of effort (Oakland, 2012). Virtual teams differ from face-to-face teams based on four pitfalls, namely: absence of concise goals, prioritize, or direction; absence of concise roles among team members; absence of cooperation and trust; and, lack of engagement. Employee involvement represents the creation of an environment where people posses have an impact on the decisions and actions that influence their jobs. Consequently, employees cannot be seen as a cog in a machine, but rather should be viewed as unique and critical to the attainment of the organization goals (Oakland, 2012). Organizations should keep employee involvement alive by: keeping employees updated, giving them autonomy, allowing flexibility, and rewarding success. Some of the general forms of employee involvement include suggestion schemes, team briefings, job design, attitude surveys, and autonomous working groups. Indirect forms of participation entail quality circles, work councils, board representation, task forces, and involvement

Sunday, October 27, 2019

Culture And Training And Development Management Essay

Culture And Training And Development Management Essay Culture is a group, which shapes a persons values and identity. A single term used to define a particular culture is often exclusive. Cultural identities can stem from the following differences: race, ethnicity, gender, class, religion, country of origin, and geographic region. Culture is the lens through which you view the world. It is central to what you see, how you make sense of what you see, and how you express yourself. It is recognized by all multinational companies that global human resource management is critical for success in todays competitive world. The reasons for this are many including their integral involvement in facilitating the success of expatriate assignments (Bonache and Fernandez, 1999; Scullion, 1999; Stroh and Caligiuri, 1998). The picture comparing to 1990s have changed radically, rapid globalization of companies has brought the need for effective international assignments and relatively increased need of expatriates. There are three major factors that effect this change; first is the changing nature of international companies with joint ventures with global companies and emergence of small and medium size companies as the key industry players. Secondly the change in host locations decreases the number of expatriates that are ready to move with various concerns. Thirdly, the changing nature of international assignment themselves (Bartlett and Ghoshal, 1989) Success and failure of a global assignment is greatly influenced by an expatriates cross cultural adjustment to the host country. For instance cross cultural adjustment is positively related to performance on the employees assignment and negatively related to premature termination of the assignment (Black, 1988; Caligiuri, 1997). There are many companies in this modern and developed technology world that prefer to train the employees prior to assign them an international work. According to Ashamalla (1997) for more than twenty years cross-cultural training had been advocated as a means of facilitating effective cross-cultural interactions and adjustments. Training can be defined as an intervention that is aimed to increase the knowledge and skills of individuals, so as to help them perform better and professionally. There are many types of training practices in todays world; the type of practice in a company depends on the kind of industry and technological needs of the company. Out of many methods the most crucial and important training is intercultural training process (Kealey, D. J, Protheroe, D, 1995) The development of effective international strategies is termed as the major determinant of success of an international business. A research on expatriate management by Harvey (1998) indicates that, any kind of underperformance of an international assignee could be extremely costly for employees in career terms. It is also suggested that companies with global operations need implement sophisticated policies while pre move in certain areas like selection procedures for international assignments and cross-cultural training for both employees and their dependents. Failure in pay enough attention to either of the areas could lead to failure in the expatriation. Training in cross-cultural context can be defined as a procedure that is intended to improve individuals ability to cope up and adjust in a foreign environment (Baliga and Baker, 1985). The reasons given by many companies for not providing proper cross-cultural training to their employees before international move or provide the s tudy on a selective basis is lack of proven effectiveness. Course design using the learning diamond [online image] Tung (1982) has classified the training programs in cross-cultural contexts into six categories that include: Training on factual information about geography, climate, schools etc. Cultural orientation training i.e. information about cultural institutions and country values Cultural assimilation training, with brief episodes of intercultural encounters Language training Sensitivity training Training for managing emotional stress of living and working with people from different cultures. Another essential element to be considered for a cross-cultural training as a process is to understand the regulated steps to be followed in making the process successful. Objectives of training- Why Train? A well planned and tailored goal needs are needed for companies to analyze before setting up the training process (Ronen, 1990; Rhinesmith, 1993). Cross-cultural training should be designed ensuring that the performance, adjustment and development areas are covered. Many training programs these days are primarily focusing on the adjustment factor, that is, any employee with lot of patience and has lot of adjustment nature is considered as qualified for the international move. But adjustment does not necessarily ensure that they adapt to the culture and perform according to the business objectives. Organization need to draw dimensions that require employees to develop trust relationships with people of different backgrounds and values, their ability to communicate well, collaborative approach, ability to negotiate and cultural competence play a key role in setting task objectives (Gerrity, 1993). In the need of success and to avoid failure cross-cultural program objectives should be crafted to help assignees to (1) manage change-personal-professional transition (2) Manage the cultural differences; and (3) Manage their professional responsibilities (Marquardt Engel, 1993). Managing change includes the ability of the assignee in being flexible and adjustments towards culture. The impact of the change on the employee, family and friends includes creation of a personal and professional action plan to manage change. The plan also adds to make the employee aware that repatriation plan is also a part of managing his/her assignment. Managing the cultural differences includes; understanding of culture, shapes of culture, expectations and assumptions, understanding and applying frameworks basing on the cultural interactions and develop skills to reconcile differences, gaining practical information about host country are the important aspects in managing cultural differences Managing professional responsibilities include; applying information and insights required in the program to accomplish the objectives, understanding business objectives and job responsibilities in the host country, adapting the individual style and effective local approach. Trainees-Who should be trained? For any international assignment is very important for the family of the assignee should be trained along with the assignee as a supportive family atmosphere plays a very important role in a successful international assignment. The spouse of the assignee more certainly faces lot of challenges in the host county while the employee usually sustains himself with the routine job functions. The challenges involves in setting up households, negotiation with local shops, transportation, services etc with an unfamiliar language which are basing on the confidence levels of the partner. Duel career issue makes the situation more critical when faced with displacement and uncertainty; the partner may feel ambivalent about the changes and the chances of getting worried to find employment, or acceptable substitutes for employment, in the very likely event that work will not be available abroad. Childrens education and social adaption also effect the familys ability to adjust in the host country (P ascoe, 1992, Osland, 1995). All the above needs of the family to understand the culture makes it important to undergo training prior to the assignment. Program components-Cross-Cultural training programs There are many major key elements to make a successful training program at a cross-cultural context that includes assessment of basic needs, content, design and methodology, duration and timing, trainers and quality of end result. A through need of the employee, spouse, children and HR liaison is suggested requirement for a company to conclude on the training needs (Brislin Yoshida, 1994). It is also required to assess the assignees past international experience, job role and responsibilities, family dynamics, special interests etc. to make the training objective more clearly in both verbal and written forms. The content of the program should include general awareness, planning of placement, transition and stress management, life style adjustment, repatriation process (Kohls Brussow, 1995) A deductive approach to cross cultural training method is preferred as the information can be applier more logically and reasonably to specific situations, whereas with an inductive approach, generalizations made from specific information may be invalid, and lead to inappropriate choices and behaviors on the part of the assignees (Andersen, 1985). A variety of methods can be used to train the assignees and family basing on the needs of assessment like role plays, case studies, presentations, filed work, lectures etc. Immersion approach Assessment centre Field Experiments Simulations Sensitivity training Extensive language training Affective approach Culture assimilator training Role playing Critical incidents Cases Stress reducing training Moderate language training Information-giving approach Area briefing Cultural briefings Films/books/videos Use of interpreters Survival-level language training Low Moderate High Length 1 month 2-12 1-3 of stay or less months years High Level of rigor Low Length of training 1-2 months+ 1-4 weeks Less than a week Training can be provided prior to departure or after the arrival in the destination or both depending on the necessity. Pre departure training allows the family to have a realistic knowledge about the host country with basic understanding of culture and ethics. Post arrival training allows the family to clarify internal, geographical social queries. HR can reduce the possibility of expatriates failures by flying out the employee and family over to location to check out if they would like to stay. Based on the duration of the assignment HR can put up various training schedules based on the tenure of the assignment as shown in figure below, by Mendenhall, E. Dunbar, and G. Oddou, (1987) Studies indicate that the essential components of pre-departure training programs that contribute to a smooth transition to a foreign location include cultural awareness training, preliminary visits, language instruction and assistance with practical day-to-day matters. Trainers and training team include specialists and are experts to develop and deliver a program. The trainer act as the coach, educator, facilitator, counselor, moderator, and cultural role model for the participants. Quality assurance include results and outcomes of the program that include program evaluations, written documentation of results and liaison meeting between employees and trainers to justify the report. Many leading firms recognized that while there existing numbers of good training firms and many excellent training consultants to choose from, it is important to investigate carefully these credentials and capabilities. If the process is competently managed and executed well developed, training will become a key intervention in promoting success to the assignment and increase the return on investment for employees, family members and companies abroad. Training Measurement One of the key important elements of providing an effective learning is the ability to identify the training participants have changed their behavior according to the prescribed course objectives and as a continuation weather they will be able to transfer their behavior to the work environment (Hilary H and Savita K, 2000). A well designed training initiative may enhance the learning process of international assignee and thus facilitate cross-cultural interactions and cross-cultural adjustment (Black Gregersen, 1991; Caligiuri, Phillips, Lazarova, Tarique, Burgi, 2001). To understand a systematic approach in designing cross-cultural training initiatives Tarique and Caligiuri (2003) propose a five-phase process as a general strategy to follow in designing effective cross-cultural training initiatives. The five phases are: Understanding and identifying the type of global assignment for which the training is needed? Determining the cross-cultural training needs from the view of organization, assignment and individual Establishing the training needs basing on the goals and objectives of the organization. Finalizing the training program Ultimate effectiveness of the cross-cultural training program and results. Gudykunst, et al., (1996) proposes that future research on these phases is the important area of investigation when performing a training program. A better understanding on the limits and generalizability across organizational cultural, national and individual context for cross-cultural training is also an important area. The strength of the discussion tightens when the individuals high on openness to global experience, extroversion and agreeableness and early international travel experience adds value for more effective training and development comparing to individuals that are less on these traits. According to the recent review of cross-cultural training evaluation studies Mendenhall et al, (2004) stated that Cross-cultural training seems to be effective in enhancing knowledge and trainee satisfaction but seems to be less effective in changing behaviors and attitudes, or in improving adjustment and performance. Conclusion When going for an overseas assignment there are various considerations to be made. Often seen is that the expatriate receives the training but not the spouse and family. It has to be understood that spouse and family are the major contributors for the assignment success. Some companies do not impart cross culture training for the spouse and family as they think its an added cost and not essential. This is a wrong thinking. Cross-cultural training provides incoming and outgoing expatriate families a chance to study up on what is coming, and how best to approach the new reality. One of the reasons for the expatriate assignment failure is that the family and spouse cannot cope with the new environment. This coping up of the new environment occurs when there is no cross culture training given. From the above scenarios it can be seen or concluded that cross culture training is important for the spouse and family and it leads to the expatriate assignment a success in any part of the world. To sum up Cross Culture Training has to be imparted to the spouse and family for an overseas assignment. Companies need to invest more on cross-cultural training especially in terms of the immersion and affective approaches. The value of providing a comprehensive training program could reduce the failure of assignments or pre-mature assignments. Cross-cultural training enhanced peoples ability to deal with conflicts that arise within multicultural teams. To ensure success in business, many organizations used cross-cultural training to improve their managers cross- cultural effectiveness and enhance their communication skills. From the research it is discovered that crossing cultures is extremely difficult and requires the right kind of training. Cultural diversity in a work group provides both impunities and difficulties. When manages successfully, it brings economic benefits. For organizations that send managers on foreign assignments. The cost can be high, as those managers need to adjust to their new environment. Cross-cultural training is useful and worthy which can deal with conflicts that arise within multicultural.

Friday, October 25, 2019

Stress in College :: Education, Generation Me

Stress in College Every person will experience some degree of stress in his or her life. Stress can be healthy. Stress can make a person feel hopeless, helpless, and powerless. Constant worry about problems can cause a diversity of physical symptoms. Some people face stress more than others do. College students deal with stress each stage of courses. Gender, age, and finance is a major influence on how a person experience stress in college. Bettina (2001) conducted research on stress stating, ‘’coping strategies used by adolescents prove that boys use more problems oriented, and direct action approaches to stress. Bettina (2001) says, ‘’Girls use passive and seeking strategies to cope with stress’’. Women like to talk about their stress with others and try to find friends to be of assistance to them. Men will put unwanted energy into doing energetic things similar to sports, working or television. In the majority of households, girls are encouraged to converse feelings more than boys. Venting to someone can help keep away from the sensation that stress is overpowering. Aid-win, Sutton,and Lachman (1996) studied whether stressful episodes provide content to the development of coping resources and reported,’’ 81.9% of men reported solving recent problems by using prior coping strategies gained through encountering problems in their lives, work, and family’’. As a person gets older, he or she is capable to cope with stress better. An older person will find ways to minimize excitement and energy levels. A returning student, will tend to know exactly what he or she wants to do with his or her future. Having insight into your future makes a person more focus. Returning students do not have the need to quench any curiosity with doing anything that will stray from their vision. When a student is eighteen years old recently out of high school, your mentality is different. A younger student is not sure of what he or wants to do. A new student becomes very curious, with new a found freedom. New students tend to feel as if he or she were on top of the world and life will just get easier after high Stress in College :: Education, Generation Me Stress in College Every person will experience some degree of stress in his or her life. Stress can be healthy. Stress can make a person feel hopeless, helpless, and powerless. Constant worry about problems can cause a diversity of physical symptoms. Some people face stress more than others do. College students deal with stress each stage of courses. Gender, age, and finance is a major influence on how a person experience stress in college. Bettina (2001) conducted research on stress stating, ‘’coping strategies used by adolescents prove that boys use more problems oriented, and direct action approaches to stress. Bettina (2001) says, ‘’Girls use passive and seeking strategies to cope with stress’’. Women like to talk about their stress with others and try to find friends to be of assistance to them. Men will put unwanted energy into doing energetic things similar to sports, working or television. In the majority of households, girls are encouraged to converse feelings more than boys. Venting to someone can help keep away from the sensation that stress is overpowering. Aid-win, Sutton,and Lachman (1996) studied whether stressful episodes provide content to the development of coping resources and reported,’’ 81.9% of men reported solving recent problems by using prior coping strategies gained through encountering problems in their lives, work, and family’’. As a person gets older, he or she is capable to cope with stress better. An older person will find ways to minimize excitement and energy levels. A returning student, will tend to know exactly what he or she wants to do with his or her future. Having insight into your future makes a person more focus. Returning students do not have the need to quench any curiosity with doing anything that will stray from their vision. When a student is eighteen years old recently out of high school, your mentality is different. A younger student is not sure of what he or wants to do. A new student becomes very curious, with new a found freedom. New students tend to feel as if he or she were on top of the world and life will just get easier after high

Thursday, October 24, 2019

Assignment on Online Banking

TERM PAPER ON ONLINE BANKING SERVICE IN BANGLADESH 1. DEFINITION OF ONLINE BANKING Online banking  is a service offered by banks that allows  account  holders to access their account data via the Internet. In order to take advantage of online banking, an account holder would need to meet several technological requirements, such as having a personal computer with Internet access and web browser. If those conditions are satisfied, online banking can be performed from anywhere in the world.To minimize the risk of fraud, online banking is enabled through a secure server, which grants the individual a private access to his or her  bank  account. Online banking is designed to streamline banking chores that otherwise require considerable time and effort. Thus, online banking facilitates direct access to account details, enables transfer of funds, allows for multiple bills payments, and performs an array other transactions. Online banking is available twenty four hours, seven days a week, regardless of the bank's working hours. Today, most banks offer online banking services. . HOW MANY BANKERS PROVIDE ONLINE BANKING SERVICES IN BANGLADESH Bangladesh Bank Governor Dr Atiur Rahman said 79 percent institutions under the country’s banking sector are providing online service at present. He said, â€Å"37 banks are providing all-out online service, while six are getting preparations to provide online service. Almost 79 percent institutions are under online service now. † Dr Atiur came up with the comment at the inauguration of the 4th International e-banking and Mobile Commerce Conference as the chief guest at a hotel in Dhaka Monday 10th July’2012Science and Information Communication Technology Ministry Secretary Nazrul Islam Khan, Bangladesh Telecommunication Regularity Commission Chairman General (Retd) Zia Ahmed, FBCCI President AK Azad, Chief Marketing Officer of Eco-Bharat Anand Ramanand, Dell Bangladesh’s Country Director Sonia B ashir spoke at the inaugural session. Dr Atiur said, â€Å"23 banks were given the approval of providing online services up to June, 2012. Amongst them, 14 banks have already started the service. † 3. PROSPECT OF ONLINE BANKING SERVICE IN BANGLADESH Information technology environment changes rapidly.It is estimated that the number of Internet users in Bangladesh will increase in a recent years. The number of physical branches will be decreased (the profile of physical branches will change to advice and support centers) and most of the transactions will be concluded via main e-banking channels: online Internet bank and m-banking services. Rapid growth of e-banking in Bangladesh is expected. 4. ADVANTAGE OF ONLINE BANKING SERVICE IN BANGLADESH What are the three greatest things about the Internet? E-mail, music, and online banking! Whether for the convenience or the control, online banking is an aspect of banking that nobody can resist.Our children will probably laugh when we t ell them people used to actually go to a bank to pay bills. Online banking rocks! Many of the benefits of doing your banking online are obvious: You don't have to wait in line. You don't have to plan your day around the bank's hours. You can look at your balance whenever you want, not just when you get a statement. There are some hidden benefits too. As a young bank customer, you're just learning how to manage your money and observe your spending patterns. Online banking allows you to watch your money on a daily basis if you want to.By keeping close tabs on your funds, you'll always be aware of what's happening in your bank account. For those experienced spenders, this option is far more appealing than the sudden discovery that you're broke! It's also helpful to watch how much interest you're gathering on investments and savings or what service charges you have incurred. What to expect Here are some of the features available through online banking: View balances: Checking your balan ce doesn't require much work. You simply select Account balances and take a look at your balance and past transactions.If you have more than one account, you can also do transfers between accounts. Pay bills: To pay your bills online, you just need to add to your account the names of the companies you wish to pay bills to. In the Pay Bills section, select Add payees, search for the name of the company and fill in the account number for each company. You can also sign up for the E-bills service that sends you a bill by e-mail instead of a printed one by regular mail. Transfer funds: When you select Transfer Funds, you'll be asked where to transfer the money to and from, when, and the amount.Set up recurring bill payments or transfers: If you make a regular payment every month, it might be convenient to set up an automatic withdrawal from your account. Monitor CIBC investments: If you have any CIBC investments, you can keep an eye on those stocks or mutual funds here. Send and receive an INTERAC e-TransferTM2: This could be the end of the birthday cheque! You can receive transfers from other people's accounts, or set up transfers from your account to someone else's. The recipient will get an e-mail notifying them of the transaction.View CIBC VISA* accounts: Always a good place to monitor your spending. You can make your credit card payments online, right from your account. Order cheques: We don't need them much anymore due to online banking and debit purchases, but if you still use cheques, you can order them directly from the CIBC website. Take control Online banking helps you become more of a banker, running your accounts like a small business that you control every day. Once you get started, you'll be hooked. Soon enough you'll be checking your bank account as often as your e-mail. 5. FUNCTIONS OF ONLINE BANKING SERVICE IN BANGLADESHOnline banking is the practice of making bank transactions via the Internet. It will give you an excellent opportunity to bypass the time-consuming, paper-based aspects of traditional banking in order to manage your finances more efficiently. By switching to electronic bills, statements, and payments, the average American household can save 6. 6 pounds of paper in one year! And you can catch any fraudulent transactions faster than if you received a statement by snail post. Thanks to innovative technology and the Internet in particular, we no longer have to leave the house to make payments.Online banking is available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, so you can do it anytime, anywhere. Online banking allows us to perform various services with the click of a mouse. You can: 1. Pay a bill. Electronic bill payment service allows a depositor to send money from his or her online account to a creditor or merchant, for example to a public utility or a department store. There is no need to stand in a long line on a weekend morning to handle your transactions! The payment is virtually instant, though some financial insti tutions can wait until the next business day to send out the payment.If it is necessary, the bank can generate and mail a paper cheque or banker's draft to a creditor who is not set up to receive electronic payments. 2. Schedule payments in advance. Most banks offer customers the ability to schedule a payment on a specified date. Once the amount is entered and the payee is checked off, the funds are automatically deducted from your online bank account. It is especially useful if you always forget due dates. For example, you can schedule credit card or mortgage payments to make sure that you will not incur late fees and damage your FICO score. 3.Transfer funds. Do you want to send money quickly and securely? With online banking, you can make money transfers between your own accounts, or send money to a third party account. All you need is recipient/payee information and enough funds in your account. Quite often, the operations are performed in real time. 4. Manage all your accounts i n one place. Online banking is a great time saver because it provides an opportunity to handle several bank accounts (checking, savings, CDs, IRAs, etc. ) from one site. Most new accounts you open will be automatically added to online banking. . View images of your checks online. Do you need a copy of a paid check? With online banking, you can view and print scanned images of the front and back of all checks you have written. It is easy and convenient. 6. Apply for a loan or credit card. Having an account online, you can apply for a credit card or a loan (a car loan, a student loan, a mortgage, a home equity loan, etc. ) from the same bank. If you have a good credit score and long relationship history with your bank, your application is likely to be approved. 7. Purchase and manage CD accounts.If you have some amount of money you want to invest, you can purchase a certificate of deposit from your bank. Online banking lets you compare all available offers and their terms, for example APY or maturity periods. When you confirm the purchase, the funds will be automatically deducted from your account. 8. Order traveler's checks. You can order American Express Traveler’s Cheques online. The bank will typically charge your online account for the amount of the cheques you bought and an express delivery fee. 9. Increase your overdraft. Going into the red shouldn't leave you red-faced!You can increase your overdraft online. Log in to online banking and click on ‘Overdraft' in the menu. 10. Order a cheque book. Save yourself at least one trip to the bank by ordering cheque book online. You will need to visit your bank once when you get a confirmation message that your cheque book is ready for collection. 11. View up-to-the-minute account statements and balance. There is no need to wait for the bank statement to arrive in the snail post to check account balances. You can view all transactions and withdrawals every day just by logging in to your online account .In addition, you can immediately notice errors or unauthorized transactions in the statement. 12. View automatically updated spending report. All your purchases are sorted into familiar categories automatically – no receipts to save, no expenses to enter. It is easy to see where your money goes! 13. Track your payment history. Online banking gives you an opportunity to search your payments by transaction type, date, description or amount. When did you last pay Company X? When did you buy your computer? To whom did you make your most recent payment? Your bank knows the answers. 14.Integrate the data with personal finance programs. Online banking lets you import electronic payment data in personal finance software such as Quicken or Microsoft Money. You will be able to access your online accounts directly from your personal finance program. An Internet connection and online account log in information is required. 15. Change contact details. Have you moved to a new house? Chang ed your telephone number? You can log in to your online account and change contact information (e-mail address, telephone number, password, etc. ). It is more secure than to send this information by e-mail. 16.Utilize investment research. You can receive real-time quotes, analytics, news and stock market information to make a more educated decision. 17. Take advantage of online brokerage. Internet banking lets you invest online. You can place and confirm trades 24 hours a day, seven days a week. Most banks provide a wide range of money market instruments from various issuers. 18. Get alerts. This service allows you to receive timely e-mail messages from your bank about any critical changes related to your Internet accounts. For example, you can get alerts when you make a withdrawal or change your contact information. 9. Verify terms and conditions. Did you forget your interest rates or payment due date? You can verify all information about your account online. 20. Chat with your cus tomer assistant department. If you need help, you can send message to your bank’s customer assistant department. They will help you solve your problem. 6. SWOT ANALYSIS OF ONLINE BANKING SERVICE IN BANGLADESH SWOT Analysis: To find out the viability of a particular product we must perform a SWOT Analysis of the product. This will analyze the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities ,and Threats of the particular product.For analyzing the performance of Internet Banking in Bangladesh we the following SWOT Analysis is considered. Strengths †¢ Internet Banking is new in our market. Only a few banks are now offering internet services in solving banking problems. Most of the banks are offering only accounting information online. Actual fund transfer and fund disbursement is not possible in all the banks that are offering internet services. So this product will enjoy the benefit of a first mover. †¢ It is cheap both for the banks and the customers. The bank will be able to lo wer down the overhead costs and make more profit out of it.Internet banking will require less manual workers. Again the customers will be able to save time as well as money for their transaction needs. †¢ Internet banking is convenient as the service is available all the time at just a click away. Weaknesses: †¢ Security breakdown: The system will have a problem with the identification of the individual who is initiating the transaction. In Bangladesh, the identification of an individual is not yet supported digitally. So there will be a problem in moving to the Internet era for banking purposes just now.First we will have to develop a digital database of the users of the internet banking services. †¢ The transaction can be cancelled only via internet. The internet infrastructure of our country is not that much supportive to provide all time access to the web. So there will be a problem in executing the service with its full functionality. Opportunities: †¢ Non-b ranch banking is becoming popular in our country. Many banks are now offering non-branch banking facilities. A person can withdraw or deposit money in any branch of the bank he has account with. †¢ The internet services are becoming very common to us.So a service offered through the internet will be widely accepted in the near future. Threats : †¢ People have concern about security and privacy. They like to feel their money with their hand. They actually don’t believe in virtual money transfer. †¢ In the field of IT new technology is coming every day. The one which is very popular today might get obsolete tomorrow. So to have a competitive edge over the competitors the banks must always update their services. †¢ The movement towards online banking might marginalized the customers who do not have internet access or who are not technologically sound.Despite the presence of online Internet service in Bangladesh, its scope is largely underutilized. The reasons include high service charges, lack of awareness, poor telecommunication systems, government policy, low buying power of potential clients, and lack of institutional support. 7. CHALLENGES / RISKS OF ONLINE BANKING SERVICE IN BANGLADESH Generally it is believed that banks in Bangladesh are facing different problems adopting e-banking. Inefficiency and lack of adequate knowledge of the top management of the last generation about e–banking may have to be put at the first place.The top management set the way for future development. For the change they must have understood its significance and prospect. Only so, proper strategic plan could be done, appropriate adjustment with changing national and international business and technological environment could be made, the coming challenges from the national and international. competition successfully faced, and the market share retained and gained. The lack of communication channel and technological and technical infrastructure suppo rt may be seen as the second crucial challenges of e-banking in Bangladesh.It is not enough that there are enough communication channels, but they must be efficient, competitive, competent, cost effective and supportive to the services. In the millennium of ICT every nation has to think global, so worldwide efficient networking and WAP have to be ensured. Ensuring mature technology is also very important for successful introduction of the e-banking which includes adequate software. Modern technology is available but frequently very costly, but the countries like Bangladesh have other decisive comparative advantages that could be used to compensate the cost of the modern technology.In this way, the modern technology could be made economically viable, cost-effective and competitive even in the world market. Qualified human resource is another factor that has to be considered, which means experts have to be made available in the market. In the long run such services can’t be mad e competitive with hired or imported human resources. So, respective educational institutes must be established for the supply of the experts for the management of the hard- and software of the sectors. It is expected that a part of the existing employees both from the rank and file may resist the change.To motivate and integrate them in the change, training and reorientation program must be launched. Security of the services is very important to popularize it. To protect the service from piracy and fraudulency reliable security systems must be ensured. In this regard, government, banks, and Bangladesh Bank must work together. So and so, ways and means must be found to protect fraud and money laundering but at the same time ensuring fund transferring. 8. RECOMMENDATION / SUGGESTIONS OF ONLINE BANKING SERVICE IN BANGLADESHMost of the countries have adopted E-banking and the consumers seem to like the convenience of E-banking despite some continuing hesitancy. The widespread uses of A TMs has paved the way for greater acceptance of other forms of electronic money such as smart cards and POS. Direct deposit, and to a lesser extent, electronic bill payment, are and to a lesser extent gaining popularity. In addition, as more people purchase personal computer and use the internet, home banking should become more widely accepted. But a cashless or check less financial system is still not in the state of foreseeable future.Though there are 28 banks in Bangladesh, mostly head quartered in Dhaka. Most of these banks do not offer online or electronic service such as Direct Deposit. There are some ATM machines, though not nearly as concentrated as in a developed economy. The Ministry of Science, Information and Communication Technology has given out the policy for the development in the IT sector. The ministry has concentrated on the following sections: †¢ Human Resources Development through Education and Training †¢ ICT Infrastructure development †¢ Researc h and Development in ICT †¢ Development of ICT Industry Development of E-Commerce †¢ E-Government / E-Governance establishment †¢ Establishment of Legal Issues. The Government spending in ICT is going to increase by at least 2% of ADPin coming years. The ICT companies will get preferential terms which will be able to meet up 20% of its revenue expenditure. BCC has created a centralized fund for R&D which would encourage contributing 1% of all profits from ICT-enabled services to the HRD fund. This will greatly help the development if ICT in Bangladesh. The software support for internet banking, i. e. FLEXCUBE is available in Bangladesh.Again Bangladesh Government is working on the copyright law and the preservation of intellectual property act. After the successful implementation of all these policies and strategies we are expecting that more than 50% of the banks will be offering internet banking facilities that is now 12% only. E-banking is in its nascent state in B angladesh. At present, Information Technology (IT) is a subject of widespread interest in Bangladesh. The government has declared IT as a thrust sector and set up a vision of Digital Bangladesh in 2021. But Bangladesh has a long way to go in a very short time to enjoy the fruits of information age.It will be only possible when there will be political commitment with better IT infrastructure, internal network, country domain and above all ahigh speed fiber optic link to the information superhighway. In order to ensure a successful practice of e-banking in Bangladesh, we recommend the following. * E-banking systems should be simple to use, fast and user friendly. * E-banking services should be standardized so that wherever the solution is used the customer is familiar with the procedure followed. * Government should compel the banking sectors to automate their operation and going online by a specific period. Provide adequate training and technological support to develop the manpower. * Appropriate legal framework. * Proper infrastructure development. * Government should implement the cyber laws to ensure proper security about customers information (i. e. Credit card number) . * Government should establish proper educational institution to create efficient IT professionals to support e-banking in Bangladesh. * Developing of integrated e-banking software. Government, in collaboration with the banks, should educate and inform its citizens and customers on the workability and effectiveness of E-banking.This will increase the confidence level of customers. * The clearing house operation in Bangladesh should be fully automated system. * Banks should have adequate research and technological background in this regard. * Bank can charge normal profit to enlarge the market size on the electronic banking products. * Political commitment to improve governance and institutional strength is essential for successful application of e-banking. * As e-bank users mostly use ATMs a nd POS in most cases, the banks should emphasize on providing uninterruptible service.

Wednesday, October 23, 2019

Low-cost Leadership Program Essay

The best way for an organization to implement a low cost leadership-training program is to use a variety of approaches; this will maximize organizations efforts to have well trained employees with a focus on long-term development. In the case of a non-profit organization, the best way to set up a low-cost-leadership-training program would be to set-up a training committee. The committee would be composed of entry-level managers, upper management, and executives. This would allow for entry-level managers to have an input regarding what the employees need training and developing on. Also, with t upper-management and executives being involved and spearheading the committee, it lets employees realize that the organization cares about its employees. Once the training committee has been set up, it can then look into the variety of options they have available to them. It can send committee members to seminars, conferences, and trainings, which in turn would allow them to gather information and then train the organizations employees on the matter at hand. For example, a non-profit that works in family and youth development can send 3 site managers and 1 area director to a BOOST conference, a three-day conference that assists non-profits with ways to fundraise, market, build relationships with school faculty, connecting with members, redirecting negative behavior, etc. The employees that were chosen would then bring back the information they learned and recreate the training for the employees in the organization. Financially, this would be a great way for the organization to save money, while still managing to train employees. The training committee would also set up site visits to other highly productive companies and organizations. By doing so, the committee can send non-committee members as well as committee officials to do site visits to observe the work culture and environment of such company. The committee would have to brief the employees on what the purpose of the visit will be; therefore, allowing the employees to prepare questions that can be tailored to extract information pertinent to their needs. For example, the Boys and Girls Club doing a site visit to the YMCA. Finally, managers can find themselves overwhelmed by the amount of people they oversee and allotting enough time to each employee. Employees have a myriad  of concerns and issues that they might want to address with their supervisors. However, many times these issues are minimal but time consuming. Therefore, in order to minimize distractions and optimize productivity from lone employees and managers, setting up a mentor program within the organization would be a highly effective addition to training and developing program. Long-standing company employees would be mentors to new employees. This would allow for new employees to have a person to resort to in case they have any doubts or questions. The pros of setting up a training committee are low financial costs. It also allows for employees from all categories to interact and join efforts in the overall improvement of the organization. Also, if the organizations overall production increases and the organization sees sufficient growth, this committee can become its own department in the long run. It is important to keep in mind that regardless of the benefits this may provide a company, it undoubtedly will also come its consequences. In order for the company to ensure that the committee is successful, it will have to ensure that the committee members are effective communicators, great planners, and have plenty of public speaking skills. Otherwise, this will be detrimental to the committee but more importantly to the employees who will be receiving training from them. Also, trainings must be composed of material that will be useful to employees, and has to incorporate active learning techniques, case analysis, and hands on interaction in order to involve and stimulate the employees. The mentor program might also face its problems, so when pairing up employees, upper management must ensure that personalities are compatible and that the mentor is qualified to be one.

Tuesday, October 22, 2019

Why emails here to stay - Emphasis

Why emails here to stay Why emails here to stay People have been ringing the death knell for email on and off for a few years now. But should we be listening? The latest peal came from French IT company Atos, which declared that it would phase out internal emails by 2013. And for reasons well all recognise: too much time spent dealing with too many emails, of which too few are useful and too many are spam. CEO Thierry Breton said his staff would instead use good old face-to-face communication, as well as instant messaging (IM) and social media tools. The shadow of social media Rumours also circulated when Facebook launched its Social Inbox, which brings users emails, chat and texts together in one place. Both co-founder Mark Zuckerberg and chief operating officer Sheryl Sandberg questioned the future of email at least in its current format. Email I cant imagine life without it is probably going away, Sandberg announced at Nielsens Consumer 360 conference. If you want to know what people like us will do tomorrow, you look at what teenagers are doing today. Good to know that in time well not only be swapping email for SMS and social media, but also pledging eternal love to Justin Bieber. Last year did see a drop off in email users, by far the most dramatic of which (59 per cent, according to US internet research firm ComScore) was among 1217 year olds. However, the average 13-year-old has different communication needs to the average office worker. (The fall in use by 2535-year-olds was 18 per cent, and in 3544-year-olds only 8 per cent.) IM steps up The main pretender to emails throne is instant messenger. A quick Twitter poll revealed its appeal its informal, chatty, good for knowing whos at their desk and for getting a quick response. One woman contributed the excellent point that, as she is deaf, it is a handy equivalent to the telephone. However, IM is not without its drawbacks. It is distracting, not so good for detail and sometimes used when an email would be more appropriate. One tweeter summed it up with: Occasionally useful, often annoying. Especially when youre watching someone composing what should have been an email. Many people said they used IM alongside email: evidently it has its place, but its not an email replacement. Five reasons to love email With three billion users, email is clearly doing several things right. Here are five unique benefits: 1. Your account will be compatible with your recipients, no matter what programme you each use. 2. You decide when you reply, so you have more control over your time management a choice you dont get with instant messages and phone calls. 3. It encourages thought-out and structured messages by providing formatting tools and (almost) limitless space. 4. Unlike most instant messaging services (or phone calls), it still works if the recipient isnt there at the moment of sending. 5. It allows you to keep a record or reference by saving and filing useful information to your own system. This isnt to say that email cant yet be improved upon. There are already tools available to help sort through, and even explore and utilise the data within your inbox. Granted, some of these do merge information from social sites, and to an extent the line between the two is blurring. By the time those 1217-year-olds are taking meetings, email may have become a very different animal. But its definitely not dead yet: and its still evolving. And for advice on managing your inbox, check out our Top tips for smart email.

Monday, October 21, 2019

The Worth of a Human Soul Professor Ramos Blog

The Worth of a Human Soul America is a unique experiment, the United States boasts the largest immigrant population, most linguistically diverse location in the world, the invention of jazz music, and the only developed western nation to systemically murder criminals. Though more expensive than life in prison and being less humane than penal servitude, capital punishment currently holds nearly the highest approval rating it has ever been granted amongst the American public (Ellsworth, pp. 19). Today, study after study has concluded a clear racial bias in death penalty sentencing; so much so that in 1972 the death penalty was ruled unconstitutional because it could not be doled out equally. Most of all though, the death penalty does not consider the idea that mistakes can occur, exonerating an inmate after death does not bring any justice to this world. There are activists working to bring reform to the United States’ prison system in innumerable ways, however the solution to bring justice to the death penalty is straight forward: it must be ended, because if lady justice is not blind, then she should be fired. Every election cycle, state ballots feature one referendum or another working to end the death penalty and currently the vast majority, thirty-five states, have refused to abolish the practice. When interviewed most of those who voted in favor cited the reasoning that putting a person to death is less expensive than housing and feeding a prisoner for life, but the research disagrees. With the cost of mandatory appeals, state appeals, federal appeals, habeas corpus appeals, combined with the cost of incarceration that each prisoner on death row requires,   the tax payer will pay 90,000 dollars more than on the average prisoner. In California alone the tax payer has paid 64,260,000 dollars every year for the 714 death row inmates fettered in the state. Since reinstating the death penalty in 1978, those same tax payers have spent 4.6 billion dollars on the practice (Arthur and Mitchell, p.1). While financial burden renders an obvious demerit against capital punishment, the moral repug nancy of the penalty weighs even more heavily on the mind. For arguably the first time in its history, the United States of America is looking at systemic racism built into the structure of its government. Bryan Stevenson, an attorney and clinical law professor at New York University, heads The Equal Justice Initiative, he recently proposed the following hypothetical in his renowned Ted Talk. Imagine that today Germany still implemented the death penalty, systemically putting people in gas chambers, and that predominately those who received the death penalty were disproportionately Jewish; there would be a global outcry. Yet still in the United States, the country which invented the concept of race based inherited slavery, the majority of those on death row are low income black men and the majority of those black men are executed in the states which once would have held them in bondage, and capital punishment is deemed appropriate (Stevenson, n.p.). In an attempt to move forward a country cannot simply unshackle its past and attempt to sprin t from its harrowed mistakes, people must actively work to remember and not continue the mores of the past. Starting most fervently in the court system which once upheld that very oppression. Throughout the history of the Supreme Court, fifty cases have been heard regarding capital punishment, working to make the law more constitutional and defined. Currently, the law states that the death penalty cannot be given to minors, cannot be given to the mentally retarded, and cannot be given with any racial bias present; but what has always been most debated is what the punishment can be given for. After several cases, the definition has been set that only those found guilty of premeditated murder can be dealt the penalty, the idea being a life for a life, or a soul for a soul. Still though, the death penalty is fifteen times as likely to be given if the victim of the crime is white than if the victim is black and currently seventy-five percent of those on death row are criminals who had white victims (Kleck, p. 783). When these statistics are placed beside each other, the question which is brought to the forefront of one’s mind is, â€Å"if the idea behind the death pen alty is a soul for a soul, how can a white person’s life be worth more than that of a person of color?† Capital punishment is an affront to the dignity of the human condition, an attack on what it means to have a human soul. From 1972 until 1976, capital punishment was deemed unconstitutional in the United States of America. Furmon v. Georgia was a Supreme Court Case which made the argument that there was a clear racial bias against William Henry Furman and that the death penalty as a whole was a violation of the Eighth Amendment’s cruel and unusual punishment clause because of its racial bias. This argument was accepted by five out of the nine justices on the court. By 1976, states worked to change the implementation of the death penalty so that it did not have as much of a bias and the Supreme Court Case Gregg v. Georgia stated that capital punishment was not a violation of the Eighth Amendment, and that it could be reinstated in some states (Schabas n.p.). In a sense, the United States has already created its own solution, it needs only to uphold its own laws, because today there is an obvious racial bias in death penalty sentencing. Capital punishment must be abolished because it violates the supreme law of the land. Democracy is an exchange, it is the notion that government is going to take longer than a monarchy or dictatorship and in response that government will reflect the will of its people. To the best of its ability, although often taking an obnoxious amount of time, a democracy will do its best to ameliorate the mistakes of the past. Following the internment of the Japanese (some 50 years later) the government paid back citizens who had lost business. Recognizing the issue of systemic oppression, the United States created affirmative action to help disenfranchised communities lift themselves out of poverty. What makes capital punishment such a sinister injustice is the fact that it is insurmountable. To quote the poet Langston Hughes, â€Å"I do not need my freedom when I am dead† if by some cruel misstep an innocent is put to death, capital punishment leaves no leeway for justice to triumph and correct mistakes. Capital Punishment attacks the very foundation of democracy and its abolishment is the first step towards a more fair and just society, where prisoners are not seen as problems to be discarded but citizens to be rehabilitated. Annotated Bibliography Ellsworth, Phoebe C., and Samuel R. Gross. â€Å"Hardening of the Attitudes: Americans Views on the Death Penalty.† Journal of Social Issues, vol. 50, no. 2, 1994, pp. 19–52., doi:10.1111/j.1540-4560.1994.tb02409.x. Gives a general sense of how the audience feels. The majority of Americans support the death penalty because they believe it will make their lives easier and safer. Helps me to understand that my opinion is in the minority. If I am to convince a majority of my peers it cannot be by simply appealing to their sense of morality and justice. Logos will also have to be relied on in this paper. It is a reliable source from a reliable scientific journal. â€Å"Race of Death Row Inmates Executed Since 1976.† Race of Death Row Inmates Executed Since 1976 | Death Penalty Information Center, NAACP-LDF Death Row USA (July 1, 2017), deathpenaltyinfo.org/race-death-row-inmates-executed-1976. Shows a clear correlation between the race of death row inmates and the race of their victims. If a victim is white the death penalty is more likely to be given than if the victim is of color. Using it to demonstrate the correlation. It also helps to make my title look really good so I like that. A reliable source of the NAACP, who have a vested interest in the race of death row inmates. To further their reliability their source is backed up by others. Stevenson, Bryan. â€Å"We need to talk about injustice.† Youtube, uploaded by TED, 5 March 2012, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c2tOp7OxyQ8. Bryan Stevenson give a TED Talk on how America must reimagine its standpoint on the death penalty and instead begin to think of how people can be â€Å"more than their worst moments.† He is working to end the death penalty in America and end life sentences for minors. I used the anecdote from his TED Talk to stress the injustice of racial profiling in the criminal justice system. Used to show how the United States history should be reason enough to end the penalty. Bryan Stevenson is a Harvard educated lawyer and New York University professor who is the founder of the equal justice initiative. He literally wrote the book on ending the death penalty. Judge Arthur L. Alarcà ³n and Paula M. Mitchell, Costs of Capital Punishment in California: Will Voters Choose Reform this November?, 46 Loy. L.A. L. Rev. S1 (2012). Shows that the beliefs of most Americans are uninformed. Shows the average cost of a prisoner on death row. More so though, it shows how much more expensive the cost of a prisoner on death row is than a regular prisoner. In my essay I use it to show that the death penalty should be abolished for no less selfish reason than that it costs too much. The sources are a Judge and Prosecutor, both of whom would be considered specialists in the field. Schabas The Abolition of the Death Penalty in International Law, Cambridge University Press, second edition, 1997. Tells the history of the death penalty in the United States. Also demonstrates the history of attempts to end the penalty. Allows me to have firmer grounding for my judiciary reason for capital punishment to end. Written by Cambridge University, a respected institute of higher learning and home to a world class law school.

Sunday, October 20, 2019

How to Know If Youre Really Ready for a Promotion at Work

How to Know If Youre Really Ready for a Promotion at Work You’ve been offered a promotion at work! Congratulations. It’s an honor and a good sign you’ve been doing a lot of things just right. Upward mobility can be tricky to navigate, and you’re one step closer to the top. But before you jump at the chance to make the transition from team member to department supervisor, there are a few things to keep in mind. Managing requires a markedly different set of additional skills. You might even find yourself doing less of the work you love and more of the managing. The perks are pretty easy to spot. You’ll get paid more, for starters- when taking on additional responsibility, you’re almost always rewarded with extra compensation. Your value to the company goes up, so does your paycheck.But there are also a few drawbacks you might not anticipate:Higher risk: The stakes are higher. So are the hazards, if those apply to your line of work. Also, more of your coworkers will be out to try and get your job. Youà ¢â‚¬â„¢ll have to keep your eyes open and deliver more than you have been expected to deliver previously.More company responsibility: Managers are often congratulated when a team produces good results. But they are also often blamed when those results aren’t up to par. No matter how well you directed your team or how hard you all worked, you’ll be expected to own the end results.Leadership: There’s no escaping the fact that you will have to assume a role of leadership. Good managers have to learn to inspire people, motivate them, keep them on track, give them space to do their work- but not enough to shirk it, etc. You’ll be part educator, part mentor, part taskmaster, part disciplinarian. A big portion of your new job will be spent this way.Delegation: If you’re not good at delegating or ceding control. If you’re a slave to details or have a hard time trusting others to perform at your level, be prepared for some anxiety. You will have to d elegate as a manager, and be comfortable with the results.More managing: If you really love the nuts and bolts of your job, keep in mind that your new job will involve a lot more managerial tasks, and a lot less of what you’re used to doing. This can be a tough adjustment.If you’re starting to feel yourself waver after reading this, ask yourself these three questions:1. Can I tolerate these new demands?Am I prepared to assume the new risk, the new responsibilities, shift my focus from what I’m used to doing to managerial tasks? And am I up for additional challenge and, perhaps, uncertainty? If the answer is yes, keep thinking.2. Can I manage others?If you’ve never managed before, try and think about the last time you were on a group project. Did you delegate any tasks? Take the lead in any way? Try to imagine how your coworkers have interacted with you in these situations. Did you easily assume a confident place of leadership? Did you feel you had their r espect and trust? Or did you hate every minute of it?3. What would I like doing more?It’s a fair question. If you really love your daily work and really don’t enjoy being in a leadership or supervisory position, then the extra money and challenge might not be worth it to you. If you’re really just hoping to work your way up the corporate rungs, then it might be a necessary first step.Remember, as you move up and up, you’ll constantly have to shift your skill set and update it accordingly. Don’t make any big leaps before you’re ready. But keep your eye on whatever prize you have in mind and you’ll be fine.

Saturday, October 19, 2019

Speaking annhiliation Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Speaking annhiliation - Assignment Example He links the Little Ice age to well known historical events such as retreat of Napoleon from Moscow and the discovery of the new world by the Europeans. The role of crop failure in French revolution cannot be undermined .The book underlines the important relation that humans have with nature. The important thesis of the article is the correlation between man and nature. Man may believe that he has tamed nature to his wishes but he is made aware of the actual situation time and again. Most of the decisions taken by mankind are ruled by the forces of nature. Although many would like to believe that there was not enough technological advancement during that time to fight nature but the article does make one think about the present changes in the environment and the little role humans can play in it. The article provides a sobering thought about the power of nature and how humans have and always will evolve their life along these changes – any effort to control the faces of nature will always come to a

Friday, October 18, 2019

U.S Banking Industry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

U.S Banking Industry - Essay Example As the essay declares the U.S banking Industry is faced with some limitations like the 2008 global economic crisis, whose effects are still limiting the industry’s capabilities. Financial crisis as one of the major limitations in the current U.S banking industry can be defined insufficient finances to run ensure banking obligations.   It comes in different types, currency crises, implies insufficient currency in a specific region. The banking industry is obliged f to transact in different or foreign currencies which might turn out to be costly.   Bank crisis is the situation where a certain baking institution has insufficient funds to loan its customers among other banking obligations. The third type of financial crisis is the twin crisis, which is a combination of currency and bank crisis.From this paper it is clear that  the U.S central bank   through some financial agencies resolved in hiking interest rates to increase the baking industry revenue and recover some of the debts caused by the 2007 financial crisis. Several baking studies reveal that the majority of U.S citizens have resolved to alternative baking systems like companies’ cooperatives, insurance companies, asset management agencies as well as macro and micro finance institutions. Multilateral businesses have also resolved in baking in their respective countries whose interests and baking rates are still appealing.  The crisis led to closure of some banking facilities, leaving customers with few options but to crowd the remaining ones. Several regional and multinational businesses stopped or reduced their operations until the hiked banking rates goes down. This greatly compromised the banking revenue due to decrease in loan beneficiaries hence low revenues

As a senior partner in a marketing consultancy,short business report Assignment

As a senior partner in a marketing consultancy,short business report advising this client - Assignment Example The  troupe  of non-marketing  will have an influence on the marketing executives of the company and in their victory  to maintain good and long term  relationships  with old and new customers. The market environment for an organization or  business  is consist of the  macro environment  that includes external issues of the company or business like political, social, legal aspect with nation and local market and in other hand the  micro environment  which includes the internal issues of company like strength, weakness and opportunities of the company or business which influence in running an organization and its functional departments like finance, production, marketing etc. It will assist the Samsung Company to determine the external and internal forces that influence the company’s potential to fulfill the desire needs of their customers. The Samsung company will able to know that how to change their decisions regarding the economic factors and demographic, so they can implement better marketing strategy to engage more their customers. It also aids the company to analyze the current trend of the market and the requirement of the population of the market via technological and other natural’s factors. Through the help of marketing environment the Samsung company will able to deal with political and legal factors of nations. The marketing environment can be done through with the help of PESTLE analysis and SWOT analysis. PESTLE analysis aids the Samsung to know about of external force which may influence on their work, whereas SWOT analysis will aids to indentify the internal factors and capacity of the Samsung Company. Through this analysis the Samsung Company will capable to know the political, economical, social, technological, legal and environmental forces, these are external factors. In other hand, strength,

Thursday, October 17, 2019

Importance of an entrepreneurial leader Assignment

Importance of an entrepreneurial leader - Assignment Example Entrepreneurial leaders have the drive to be successful and their flexibility leads to adaptability. Entrepreneurial leaders are result-oriented and have high levels of enthusiasm that ensures full commitment to the goals and objectives of the organization. The role of an entrepreneurial leader is different from other leader roles since they are take personal responsibility of the growth of the organization. Their roles are different from other leader roles since they continuously search for new opportunities that will lead to innovative products and ideas rather than ensuring the success of the already established products and ideas. The entrepreneurial leader will assemble and coordinate resources towards attainment of organizational goals and will take personal responsibility for the failures of the team and utilize such challenges in ensuring the organization attains its objective. Unlike other leader roles, an entrepreneurial leader plays the role of a risk-taker through investi ng in new and innovative ideas that will enhance the growth potential of the organization. An entrepreneurial leader role is different from other leaders since an entrepreneur is a change catalyst and champions creative. An entrepreneurial leader is important in an organization since he continuously searches for new opportunities and ensures creativity that ultimately leads to new and innovative products and ideas. The entrepreneurial leader roles are different from other leader roles since he or she is a risk-taker and acts as a change champion.

Conceptual or Theoretical Framework Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Conceptual or Theoretical Framework - Essay Example According to this model of criminal justice system, actors and criminal justice institutions share very little information between themselves a fact that ensures constant conflicts between these institutions (Samaha, 2005, 56). A good example of conflict within the criminal justice system is that existing between the police and the court officials. The model argues that police desire to put criminals in prisons while the courts may desire to release the criminal due to lack of enough evidence. System conflict theory when applied to the use of forensic sciences in solving crimes in the society can be useful in explaining the conflicts within the criminal justice systems and the society and in particular conflicts between the courts of justice and the police/investigators. In civil litigation and criminal prosecutions, evidence collected by forensic specialists is used to support the claim that a collected evidence specimen can be matched to a particular person, group or other source (Fridell, 2000, p. 23). Forensics encompasses different fields including DNA forensics, forensic pathology, computer forensics, forensic toxicology and forensic odontology, among others (Stuart & Nordby, 2005, p. 67). For example, forensic pathology is applied by criminologists and other actors in the criminal justice system to determine the manner and cause of death such as in the case of homicides or murder cases (Chisum, 2006, p. 98). Though contemporary criminal justice systems are increasingly making use of forensic sciences, no forensic method, save for nuclear DNA analysis, can be argued to exhibit the capacity to demonstrate a connection between an evidence specimen and a source or an individual with a high and reliable degree of certainty. In this respect, criminal courts have periodically nullified or questioned evidence

Wednesday, October 16, 2019

Starting Up a Business That Involves The Supply of Green And Organic Assignment

Starting Up a Business That Involves The Supply of Green And Organic Groceries - Assignment Example The researcher states that he wants to start his business of natural and organic grocery delivery service which will mainly focus on the supply of fruits and vegetables because of the recent interest in fresh and green farm produce. The society is increasingly becoming aware of the need for environmentally friendly production of food and disposal of food waste. In addition, recent health concerns about junk food and unhealthy eating mean that there will be a special interest in green groceries. The business will fill the need of environmental and health conscious individuals who prefer greengroceries over genetically modified or junk food. In addition, there is a food shortage in some regions, and the never-ending need to eat means that there will always be a constant demand for food. A lesson from Bakers Edge and Shark Tank is that networking is essential in any business. The Shark Tank investors largely focus on networking as integral to the success of any business. A network is a structure that attracts and informs potential customers of the existence of a business. The network involves such things as aggressive marketing and endorsements from celebrity personalities. In addition, it is essential to identify potential investors and their networks. Bakers Edge interview on the Shark Tank show gave them considerable exposure and mileage in the bakery business. Oprah also hosted and endorsed their product.

Conceptual or Theoretical Framework Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Conceptual or Theoretical Framework - Essay Example According to this model of criminal justice system, actors and criminal justice institutions share very little information between themselves a fact that ensures constant conflicts between these institutions (Samaha, 2005, 56). A good example of conflict within the criminal justice system is that existing between the police and the court officials. The model argues that police desire to put criminals in prisons while the courts may desire to release the criminal due to lack of enough evidence. System conflict theory when applied to the use of forensic sciences in solving crimes in the society can be useful in explaining the conflicts within the criminal justice systems and the society and in particular conflicts between the courts of justice and the police/investigators. In civil litigation and criminal prosecutions, evidence collected by forensic specialists is used to support the claim that a collected evidence specimen can be matched to a particular person, group or other source (Fridell, 2000, p. 23). Forensics encompasses different fields including DNA forensics, forensic pathology, computer forensics, forensic toxicology and forensic odontology, among others (Stuart & Nordby, 2005, p. 67). For example, forensic pathology is applied by criminologists and other actors in the criminal justice system to determine the manner and cause of death such as in the case of homicides or murder cases (Chisum, 2006, p. 98). Though contemporary criminal justice systems are increasingly making use of forensic sciences, no forensic method, save for nuclear DNA analysis, can be argued to exhibit the capacity to demonstrate a connection between an evidence specimen and a source or an individual with a high and reliable degree of certainty. In this respect, criminal courts have periodically nullified or questioned evidence

Tuesday, October 15, 2019

Boston Beer Essay Example for Free

Boston Beer Essay The biggest strength of the company is the brand image it has among the consumers . Boston Beer , specifically the Samuel Adams ,well known from the superior quality and expensive ingredients used along with the traditional brewing techniques which give it an excellent flavor , which cannot be easily copied by the other competitors . In addition the use of less water in its products also has given it a positive advantage in terms of product quality . Weaknesses: Opportunities: The idea to continue to grow in the already overcrowded market of specialty brewers is critical to the success of this company. There are currently over thirteen hundred micro-brewers in the United States with The Boston Beer Company ranked number one in overall sales and sixth in the overall domestic market. Currently the Heineken and Corona brands rank ahead of Samuel Adams in this category in the world market. In the near future the company is leaning towards owning more breweries and cutting back on the contract brewers. Currently the different cost associated with contract brewing involves raw materials, excise taxes and deposits for pallets and kegs and specialized equipment required for beer production. Brewery ownership would involve significant capital investment which could easily exceed $50 million for the combination of purchase, expansion and improvement, or for original construction. Threats: In recent years, all brewers have had to contend with a stagnant beer market and per-capita consumption that is on the decline. The reasoning behind this ongoing trend are attributed to underlying factors such as the low carbohydrate diet rave that has taken off in recent years, the unstable economy, and an increase in market share of wines and spirits. BBC should attack the light beer market. Light beer is the largest selling type of beer on the market, and accounting for five of top ten best-selling beers. As light beer becomes more popular, BBC should listen to customers and follow the trend not to be behind, while others all producing light line of beers to catch more potential customers. BBC already has their own light beer, so they can save time and money to develop the whole new product. From the taste testing, Lightship receives the highest mark, implying that it has a strong potential to success when they approach in right way. It is more about how they introduce the product to the market, rather than inventing a new product. To survive in the strong competition and grab customers’ attention, BBC clearly need to differentiate the image of Lightship from other light beers. Research shows that most of current customers of light beers want different aspects from what Lightship is designed to be. Instead of targeting the same customers with other light beers, Lightship needs to focus on other, untouched customer segment, who seek for full flavor and body with lower calories. As the market tends to trade up to high-end brands, BBC’s brand image will help launch Lightship, emphasizing its high quality and authenticity. To attract first-try customers’, the label should be changed to be more vibrant and energetic, stressing the major images that people think of light beers. There is lot more to gain by having light beer segment than to lose by giving up. Each form of research performed gives the specific contribution depending on its characteristics. A taste test is exploratory research to gain ideas and customer insights. It is designed to explore customer’s perspectives, especially how customers sees Lightship among other competitors in this case. The result shows how much drinking beer counts for part of their lives and who the potential customers of Lightship are, and the valuable comments about major characteristics of beer that they find in each competing brand. This test tells what value customers seek for the most in light beer segment, giving ideas about how BBC should approach to market. Despite of strong brand recognition of Amstel Light, Lightship is ranked in first place, implying BBC should adopt a new way of advertising to increase the brand awareness. This test would be better with questions asking what aspects participants think Lightship should have. ZMET provides hidden knowledge with more depth by eliciting customers’ deepest feelings and emotions about the product. ZMET is a projective method that uncovers the thoughts and feelings associated with the experience of light beers. Even though there are some down sides of drinking beers, people find a lot more positive sides as they see drinking light beer as some kind of rewards, refreshing and energetic activity. This implies there is enough potential for light beer segment to grow much further. ZMET result also gives direction and guideline to BBC. Conducting ZMET certainly contribute to project underlying attitudes and feelings to help BBC to understand their target customers more deeply. However, because of small sample size, there could be limitation of getting broader perspectives. I would divide the sample by age and beer consumption level to get more clear ideas to attract more focused target intensely and effectively. Another qualitative research HBS students conduct is retail research, done through interviews, which generates general ideas of current market situation and how competitors are doing. This also gives brief hints of the price points Lightship should target. I would recommend HBS student to divide the sample groups by visiting habits of customers for each type of retailers. If BBC can find out the place where most potential customers of Lightship frequently goes, it would help reduce waste and backlog of the products produced in distribution process. For example, if customers of sport bar seem to prefer light beer than customers of chic French restaurant do, BBC can save their time and money by focusing on developing improved distribution line with sport bar. The summary collage of ZMET gives valuable ideas that consumers have about their experience with light beers. The most important image associated with light beer is energy and energy giving by offering refreshment. Another image the light beers have is being simple yet great in appearance and in taste. There is duality of the experience, while they see it as rewards but effects of alcohol makes them self-conscious. Sailing represents both calmness and thirst quenching flavor which is refreshing and cold with structure. There are several images representing group activity. People see drinking light beer as the activity that they do with others, which give them group awareness. They want to be in group but to be different from others by having control. People think that the types of beer they drink tell their social status, providing them with group identity. The dilemma of light beer is shown through the hula-hoops representing the balance and control. There are tensions between control and need of releasing inhibition, blandness and simplicity, need for self and group identity, being active and being passive. Since light beers seem to be more attractive to energetic young generation and people who do not drink beers regularly and do not enjoy the heavy taste of beer, having more knowledge of their potential customer group helps BBC to target their customers more effectively without wasting effort of targeting wrong customers. BBC also could have done research about what feature of Lightship people like and dislike. The feature that customers like about Lightship should be kept, and the feature with lower mark given should be altered or discontinued. What BBC can do now is to consider the appropriate way of advertising for Lightship. Research results prove that light beer market is still growing and there is nothing wrong with the quality of Lightship. It turns out to be the awareness of Lightship is low, implying their advertising methods are not eye-catching. By altering their way of advertising, BBC can gain more trial customers, who can be turned into loyal customers. Lightship also needs to target different customer segment, which looks for full body and flavor beer with lower calories. Rather than fighting directly with strong rivals, BBC should target other customer segments by stressing its unique quality and flavor. It is worth trying launching light beer segment.

Monday, October 14, 2019

Canada accepts immigrants

Canada accepts immigrants What Barriers Do Immigrants Face When They Come To Canada? Canada accepts immigrants from every part of the globe, with the most important flows coming from countries in South, East and Southeast Asia, also from UK and Europe and an additional of them from Africa and Middle East. New immigrants to Canada face many barriers and challenges. Not only are they dealing with the loss of leaving their country, they must adopt to new laws, customs and cultures and sometimes a new language. Many immigrants also realize that their employment options are limited because their credentials are not valid in Canada. Himani Bannerji the writer of the story â€Å"The Other Family† was born in Bangladesh. This story is about seeing herself â€Å"different†. The command of other ethnic groups can be difficult for other immigrants if they do not belong to the same ethnic group. Like in the story the girl realises her ethnicity by looking at herself in the mirror and decides to change her picture of the family. She changes it by making the man, woman and the child dark skinned, dark haired and the dress of the women to be traditional. In the story we get to know that the mother is worried of losing her child who she thought wanted to be like the other whites and would later reject her dark mother. Its difficult for other religions and ethnic children to know about their religion in Canada. Yet most teaching of religion in high schools in Canada has mainly focused on Christianity. I think courses like â€Å"word religion† should be expanded. We also have to deal with issues on sexu ality, lifestyles and marriage within our own I think new immigrants feel the need to stick together because we are all going through the same thing. In Canada, jobs may be plentiful but they are not the glamorous jobs. We might not find the same high paying job that we used to have back home or live in an equally fancy neighbourhood or have friends who weve known throughout our childhood, but we need to learn to adopt and look at things that matter like family, new friends, and succeeding in what we want to achieve during our stay in Canada. Isabel Vincent is an award winning investigative journalist and author whose work has most recently appeared in the New Yorker. â€Å"Finding a Nationality that fits† by Isabel is a story about how their Portuguese family who tried to â€Å"Canadianize† themselves in order to be accepted in society. Women are often the target of discriminatory behaviour in various industry fields. We often are left on our own to find ourselves in Canada. After a period of time living in Canada, may lose his/her family traditions, beliefs and values and it changes a person. Now, I see more young teens that came here with such innocence being involved in things that they shouldnt be, just because they want to take part in the â€Å"in-crowd†. By saying this I mean bad habits like smoking, drinking and most of all drugs. The story ‘Newcomer by Mehri Yalfani is an example of a language barrier, a common obstacle that immigrants face when deciding to live in Canada. She was silent because she could not speak English properly and knew she didnt want to be embarrassed. They may have access to ESL support but it is frequently the case that lack of funds can lead to lower educational outcomes, lack of basic literacy skills, inability to gain knowledge and attend training programs to pursue further education. Language affects access to care for immigrant children. According to a recent graph of the percentage of the population that have problems communicating with doctors: 48% usually had interpreters during a health care visit, 70% only fully understood what the doctor was saying, and 16% did not fully understand their doctor or ask any questions. There still exists rampant racism and discrimination because of one person who has an accent or cannot speak English properly. There are many terrible sad stories Ive heard and witnessed because of immigrants who have limited English-speaking skills end up feeling frustrated. Despite all this, I believe the system of bringing newcomers here to Canada is broken. The barriers extend far beyond language. Canada is traditionally a service based country and professional opportunities are very small, so nepotism plays above all. If you dont have any personal relationship, then all of your qualifications are worthless. Some obstacles I can think of that immigrants face are lack of professional networks with employers and social contacts, difficulty obtaining Canadian professional work experience, difficulty of unwelcoming workplaces, costs of training to each individual for their learning skills in order to progress, inadequacy of career counselling and information about how Canadas economic factors work, insufficient knowledge of employment opportunities and requirements, and most importantly, lack of international education, training and previous work experience. Youth unemployment is significantly high than of the general population. They may face racial discrimination, language barriers, culture shocks and lack of Canadian experience that gets in the way of them entering the labour market smoothly. Also immigrants are sometimes prevented from working at a specific organization because they cannot produce the required documentation about their foreign educational credentials. The barriers which are mostly found are as follows: Language Language is one of the most challenging barriers. As an immigrant woman who cannot speak the language it is very natural for her to feel alone. Most women cannot speak the language. Most of the educational institutions in Bangladesh still teach in Bengali, very few institutions teach in English. So though a women might have a Master degree that does not mean that she will speak and understand English. Communication Skill Though many women may be able to communicate in English, but even then there is a communication gap. Sometimes the jargons used are not familiar to many of us. Also there the accent problem, there are many words that we pronounce in one way, and people here pronounce it in another way. Adoption of A New Culture New immigrants come to Canada and settle into a new culture. In the process of settling into a new environment, they encounter new problems and conflicts between their original culture and the new culture, creating a culture clash. The conflict involves not only the internal family structure and the external social structure but also the way of preserving their own culture. When two cultures are in many ways different it is very difficult to adopt a totally different culture. Also we see conflict among the older and younger generation. It is much easier for a child to adopt a new culture than. I believe that if we all help each other and socially integrate among other immigrants, we can find opportunities and learn how to establish ourselves here. Therefore we can make our networks and amalgamate in the society. I hope Canada becomes a country of hope, not of shattered dreams. http://www.mmc.edu/www.meharry.org/Fl/Access_to_Health_Care/Barriers_to_Care_for_Immigrants.html

Sunday, October 13, 2019

Ezekiel Essay example -- essays research papers

Ezekiel meaning the strength of God, is one of the four greater prophets in the Old Testament. Ezekiel was the son of a priest named Buzi. Not much is known about Ezekiel’s childhood; much more is know after the age of twenty-five. Ezekiel was taken captive in the captivity of Jehoiachin, about eleven years before the destruction of Jerusalem. He was one of the many members of a community of Jewish people who settled on the banks of the Chebar, a river of Babylon. Ezekiel began prophesying in 595 B.C, and finished prophesying in 573 B.C. Ezekiel prophesied for a period that lasted about twenty-two years. Ezekiel was a married man but little else is known about his family life, he also had a house in his place of exile. His wife died a sudden death during the siege of Jerusalem. He lived among the top of his companions in exile, and their elders consulted with him on all matters. Ezekiel lived in a time of international crisis and conflict. Assyria was the world power in the area under the rule of Tiglath-pilesar III. In 724 B.C Israel raged war upon Assyria, and Israel was no match for Assyria. In 627 B.C the last of the able Assyrian ruler, Ashurbanipal died. Right after the death of Ashurbanipal, Babylon under Nabopolassar wanted independence from Assyria. In 612 B.C the Assyrians under Nineveh surrendered to the rising Babylonians. In 605 B.C the Babylonians were at war against the Egyptians. The Babylonians won and they established themselves as the leading power in the area. During all of this Judea allied with the Babylonians and with this Judea kept her independence. During the last century before Judea was destroyed it was ruled by four rulers and of those rulers, all but Josiah were wicked. Josiah was committed to God and led Judea to him. All the others did not heed the warnings of Ezekiel and Jeremiah from God, and the rulers of Judea chose to reb el against God. God punished Judea by sending Nebuchadnezzar’s army to crush the nation of Judea and flatten the city of Jerusalem. God appeared first to Ezekiel in a storm cloud; God was seated on a throne surrounded by cherubim. He commanded Ezekiel to go to an â€Å"impudent children and stiffhearted† and He gave Ezekiel a scroll to eat, showing Ezekiel complete identification with God’s Word. After Ezekiel returned to the people in Tel-Abib, God spoke to Ezekiel again, telling Ezekiel to be a â€Å"watchma... ...all the people Ezekiel was strange but God did not believed, In God’s eyes, Ezekiel was truthful, forgiving, obedient, and had endurance. He was dependable, patience, faithful, and tolerant. Ezekiel was truthful in all that he spoke because all of his words were from God. Ezekiel was forgiving and tolerant of God when God decided to take Ezekiel’s wife away to make a point. Ezekiel was very obedient as he obeyed God’s every single command including not mourning when his wife died. God gave Ezekiel lots of endurance because he prophetized for over twenty-two years. With his endurance, showed he was always dependable and faithful. All God needed to do was tell Ezekiel what to say or do, and Ezekiel would complete the task without complaint. Ezekiel was very patient even though God did not allow him to speak for seven and a half years and he complied with that. Ezekiel’s death is unknown, but an ancient Jewish tradition states that Ezekiel was killed by his own people because of his preaching. Ezekiel’s body is believed to be buried on the banks of the Euphrates, in the modern-day city of Kifl, just south of the ancient city Babylon. The tomb is said to have built by Jehoiachin.

Saturday, October 12, 2019

A Farewell to Arms as a Classic Literary Work Essay -- Farewell Arms E

A Farewell to Arms as a Classic Literary Work      Ã‚   A classic literary work has been defined as a work "that lasts through generations because of its universality of theme, ageless symbolism, word choice and the ordering of detail."   A Farewell to Arms, by Ernest Hemingway should be considered a classic literary work due to the universal themes, ageless symbolism, word choice, and story detail.     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Although there were several themes in this book, a major theme seemed to dominate the story.   This theme is the importance of love and loss in a male emale relationship.   These two lovers were so absorbed in each other that they needed no one else in their life.      'Wouldn't you like to go on a trip somewhere by yourself, darling, and be with men and ski?'   'No. Why should I?'   'I should think sometimes you would want to see other people besides me.' 'Do you want to see other people?'   'No.'   'Neither do I' (Hemingway 297).      This conversation shows that Catherine loves him so much that she is willing to be alone just so he can be happy.   At the same time, Mr. Henry would probably like to go skiing but would never dream of leaving Catherine alone.   Death wins out over love.  Ã‚   TO CLARIFY WHO IS SPEAKING, PUT THE QUOTE INTO YOUR PAPER JUST AS IT IS WRITTEN IN THE NOVEL.   WHEN THE SPEAKER CHANGES BEGIN A NEW LINE.   .  Ã‚   THE PUNCTUATION SHOULD APPEAR AFTER THE PARENTHESES ONLY, NOT AFTER THE INSIDE THE QUOTE AND AFTER THE PAGE NUMBER.    'It is very dangerous.'   The nurse went into the room and shut the door. I sat outside in the hall. Everything was gone inside of me.   I did not think.   I could not think.   I knew she was going to   die and I prayed that she would ... ...d dialogue and story line makes this an easy to read and understandable ageless story.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚      Works Cited and Consulted Bloom, Harold. Introduction. Ernest Hemingway's A Farewell to Arms. Ed. Harold Bloom. New York: Chelsea, 1987. Hemingway, Ernest. A Farewell to Arms. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1957. Lewis, Wyndham. Twentieth Century Interpretations of A Farewell to Arms. Ed. Jay Gellens. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice, 1970. 56-64. Young, Philip. Ernest Hemingway. New York: Rinehart, 1952. Internet Sources Ernest Hemingway in His Time.   July, 1999. Universtiy of Delaware Library, Special Collections Department. 29 Dec. 2000 Flashback. July, 1999. The Atlantic Monthly. 29 Dec. 2000   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Hemingway Campfire. February, 2000. Hemingway Nantucket Campfire. 5 Jan. 2001 http://hatteraslight.com/navy/Hemingwayhall/cas/448.html.